Archaeologists Unveil 3,000-Year-Old Section of China's Great Wall

Archaeologists have uncovered what appears to be the earliest known part of the structure. Great Wall of China , tracing its roots back about 300 years further than initially believed. This significant discovery was made in the Changqing District of Jinan City, Shandong Province. It is dated to the latter part of the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046 BCE–771 BCE) and the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BCE–476 BCE).

As reported by 'Archaeology News', the excavation The excavation carried out by the Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology from May to December 2024 encompassed approximately 1,100 square meters in the north section of Guangli Village. This initiative represents the first comprehensive exploration of the Qi Great Wall following numerous previous survey efforts.

The Qi Great Wall, an earlier version of the renowned Ming Dynasty wall, was erected by the State of Qi during the Warring States period (475–221 BCE). Anticipating the Ming-era fortification by over a thousand years, this structure extends for more than 600 kilometers through Shandong province. It was designed as a defensive measure against incursions, notably those coming from the State of Chu.

The research group employed a combination of conventional artefact Analysis using sophisticated techniques such as Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) and Carbon-14 dating revealed insights into advanced construction methodologies. Built with rammed earth, stones, and various other materials, this structure exemplifies the military prowess of the Qi state well before China was unified under the Qin Dynasty.

The team likewise pinpointed the historical site of Pingyin City, situated roughly 1.5 kilometers north of the Qi Great Wall. Ancient documents like the ‘Zuo Zhuan and Water Classic Commentary’ depict Pingyin as an essential bastion for the Qi Kingdom. This city was pivotal in protecting trade pathways and maintaining frontier defense.